A small corrupting agent (dead flies) can spoil a large amount of something pleasant (make a perfumer's oil stink). In the same manner, a little foolishness can negate wisdom and honor. This parable is similar to Jesus using the illustration of leaven to describe evil. As only a little yeast is needed to cause a big loaf of bread to rise, a little evil corrupts a community (Matt 16:6). This is also similar to Solomon's statement at the end of Chapter 9, "one sinner destroys much good."
Foolishness is the opposite of wisdom. While a wise man's heart directs him toward the right, the foolish man's heart directs him toward the left. The choices made by a foolish man are the opposite of choices made by a wise man. Their heart leads each man in opposite directions. That means the wise and foolish have opposing perspectives and opposing objectives.
Everyone has an innate sense that allows them to discern the difference between wisdom and foolishness. It is obvious. It is what we might call "common sense." In fact, even when the fool walks along the road, his sense is lacking and he demonstrates to everyone that he is a fool. However, people might not openly acknowledge the foolishness that is readily apparent. This might be another way a small amount of foolishness can pollute a large amount of common sense.
The fool cannot escape his foolishness. He demonstrates it (literally "says it") everywhere he goes. And as he drifts further to the left (away from the right), the more evident it becomes, even leading to the madness and evil outlined throughout Ecclesiastes.
When a ruler's temper rises against us, Solomon advises that we not abandon our position, because composure allays great offenses. The word translated composure is "marpe," which is often translated "health" or "remedy." The remedy for a great offense such as temper is composure. Composure requires remaining unfazed by surrounding circ*mstance. The temper of a ruler directed toward us is dangerous. But the proper response is to avoid reacting. To remain calm and not retaliate. This is the remedy for a volatile situation.
The word translated temper is "ruwach," which means "spirit" or "wind." It is the same word used in the phrase "a chasing after the wind," which serves as one of Solomon's synonyms for "hebel" or vapor (see notes on Ecclesiastes 1:2). The ruler's temper stems from his spirit pouring out in the form of emotion.
The response of wisdom requires a spirit of composure. There is no doubt that emotions would be heightened within any person toward whom the anger of a ruler is directed. But a part of wisdom is to listen to emotions and yet not allow them to direct our choices. Wisdom includes the power to make good choices even during an emotional situation.
